2.2. CANDIDATE SERVICES BEYOND 3G:

2.2. CANDIDATE SERVICES BEYOND 3G:
3GPP LTE:
As a campaign on multiple paths in wireless technology standards has caused a considerable confusion in the market, the initiative in 3GPP LTE or so-called Third Generation Partnership Program - Long Term Evolution is the name given to a project developed by the UniversalMobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile phone standard to cope with and manage future needs in terms of wireless technology. Its objectives are to improve efficiency, reduce costs, improve services, making use of new spectrum opportunities and better integration with other open standards. Since the project is currently underway, has put some specific targets, which is tilted about improving a name UMTS technology technology fourth generation mobile communications, essentially a wireless broadband Internet with voice services and other built on top.
The aim of the project consists of:
Download the rate of 100 Mbps and upstream rates of 50 Mbps for 20 MHz of spectrum Sub-5ms latency for small IP packets.
Greater flexibility of the spectrum with spectrum slices as small as 1.6MHz.
Living with legacy standards (users can transparently start a call or data transfer in an area using an LTE standard, and if coverage is not available, continue the operation without any action hand over GSM / GPRS or UMTS W-CDMA based)

3GPP LTE is emerging as the 3GPP standards development. The project was designed as the standard 2.5 GHz technology "3G extension band." Compared with UMTS, 3GPP LTE is exclusive and only packet-switched IP-based, and which means that the core network switching circuit does not exist.

WiMAX and WiBro:
WiMAX is Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access and this technology is a standard created by the IEEE to form the base IEEE 802.16 pm this rule is the name WiBro mobile WiMAX service in Korea. WiBro uses the mobile WiMAX system profile. The system profile contains a complete list of features that the team is required or permitted to support As a result, WiBro offers the same capabilities and features of mobile WiMAX. It describes the technology as an alternative to cable and DSL, and a standards-based technology that allows and enables the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access.
The aim of the project consists of:
➢ peak downstream sector data rates up to 46 Mbps, assuming a DL / UL ratio of 3:1 and maximum speeds of sector data uplink up to 14 Mbps, assuming a DL / UL ratio of 1:1 10 MHz channel
➢ Support for end to end IP based Quos.
➢ Different from 1.25 to 20 MHz channel to meet the varied requirements worldwide.

In a market dominant operators are more interested and involved in the use of WiMAX low-cost transport of low-cost voice services. WiMAX has a two-step evolutionary stage. First, the expansion of global fixed wireless market is not going to happen as a result of WiMAX technology, the slow migration behavior of purchase property WiMAX equipment. The adoption and implementation of WiMAX equipment, service providers are skeptical and waiting until prices fall to the point where service providers can not expect to pay disregard WiMAX. At present, users will see the beginning of the 2nd stage of WiMAX technology, which is the dawn of the conservation of the metropolitan area. Since the call 802.16e wireless broadband standards has already been approved, laptops and other mobile devices can now integrate WiMAX chipsets, so that the user can now access Internet ubiquitously in areas WiMAX.Therefore, the second phase of WiMAX could be very disruptive and annoying for 3G operators and could lead to a round overlay WiMAX network in urban areas.

IEEE 802.20:
The so-called IEEE 802.20 or Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA) specification is also the first IEEE standard that explicitly addresses the needs of mobile customers in moving vehicles. The design parameters of the specification include support for vehicular mobility up to 250 kilometers per hora.Este criteria will support the use in cars and trucks in the fleet, as well as commuter trains use at high speed in large part the world. Whereas support 802.16e 's roaming is generally limited to local and regional areas, 802.20 shares with 3G the ability to support global roaming. Like 802.16e
802.20 QoS to give a good quality of services for low-latency, unlike 3G cellular data service, which is an inherently high latency architecture. 802.20 802.16e Both also share the efficiency synchronous between the uplink and downlink, unlike the asynchronous nature of 3G cellular networks, which have lower efficiency uplinks, in relation to their greater efficiency descendentes.La links
uplinks can be beneficial to business users who must perform large data sync or upload to central corporate systems of mobile systems. The 802.20 standard plans combine a number of desirable features of 802.16e networks with 3G cellular data, while reducing the limitations of both modalities. Therefore, 802.20 solutions address the need for a comprehensive
spectrum of functionality for mobile business and personal computing
implementations.